View of Razes and traditional medicine about dentistry and oral health

Iranians have a very honourable past in traditional medicine. One of the most famous Iranian scientists in medical field is Razes [925 A.D]. He has created the great medical encyclopedia of [Alhavi] [25 vols.] which contains most subjects and principles of medical science. One of these subjects is dentistry, which contains definitions, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the dental and oral cavity diseases and associated medical care which leads to oral health and management of the patient. In this article, a comparison was made between the scientific basis of traditional medicine and Razes view about dentistry and modern principles of dentistry

Efficacy and effectiveness of Beck's with Teasdale's cognitive therapies in treatment of dysthymia

The aim of this research was to investigate the efficacy of Beck's cognitive therapy versus Teasdale's in treatment of dysthymia. Six subjects [two males and four females] were selected by convenient sampling and were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. The methodology was a multiple-baseline experimental single case study. Subjects completed Beck's Depression Inventory [BDI] and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale [DASS] at pre-treatment [baseline], treatment [4 and 8 sessions], post-treatment [twelfth session], and at follow-up [two months after treatment]. Also, subjects completed the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale [DAS], and the Internal-External Control Scale [IECS] at pre-treatment [baseline] and post-treatment [twelfth session]. The results revealed that both Beck's and Teasdale cognitive therapies were effective in decreasing dysthymic symptoms that was more prominent with the latter method. Teasdale's cognitive therapy can be more effective than Beck's in reducing dysthymic symptoms

Comparing efficacy and effectiveness of ERP and DIRT methods in treatment of compulsive washing

This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy [DIRT] with Exposure and Response Prevention [ERP] method in treatment of compulsive washing. Six females with compulsive washing were selected to take part in a multiple-baseline type single-subject experimental trial, and were divided in 2 groups. Subjects of each group answered to the Maudseley Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory [MOCI], Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale [DASS] and Subjective United Discomfort Scale [SUD] at three stages of: baseline, fourth, and final sessions. Data were presented in charts. This research indicated that both DIRT and ERP [especially DIRT] were effective in alleviating the symptoms of compulsive washing. DIRT is more effective than ERP for treatment of compulsive washing

Surgical management of spinal tuberculosis using anterior approach: a review of 125 cases

Of the 205 cases of spinal tuberculosis diagnosed during a 15 year period [1979 -1994], 125 cases were treated by anterior spinal surgery. Surgical treatment consisted of anterior decompression, debridement and fusion, using autogenous iliac or rib bone graft following Hodgson's technique. In cases with involvement of both anterior and posterior elements and in those with unstable spine after anterior surgery, posterior fusion was also performed. Antituberculous chemotherapy was administered pre - and postoperatively in all cases. The average follow-up was 15.5 months [15 days to 8 years]. There were six complications and three mortalities. No pseudarthrosis or increased kyphotic deformity occurred. Results were rated as excellent in 64%, good in 31.2% and poor in 4.8%. It is concluded that anterior spinal fusion is a safe and effective method of treatment for vertebral body involvement in spinal tuberculosis